Lithium-ion batteries are cost-effective, high capacity, and capable of long cycle life when properly used in off-grid products. They can, however, present a serious safety hazard if poorly manufactured or improperly charged and discharged. Good design practices can mitigate the danger from these batteries and should always be used for off-grid products.

This Technical Note is part two in a three-part series. Part I gives an update on the current state of lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery technology.